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| Depth Of Cure And Vickers Hardness Of Compomer Materials |
| N. Ilie*, J. Manhart, R. Hickel |
| (Dept. Of Restorative Dentistry, LMU-University, Munich, Germany) |
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Compomers have rapidly gained in importance. Main indications are cervical defects, class III restorations and restorations in deciduous teeth. Depth of cure is an important property when the possibility of bulk curing is considered. The hardness of a material is indicative of the ease of finishing and the resistance to in-service scratching. Aim of the study was to compare the depth of cure and Vickers hardness of 7 compomer materials and 3 flowable compomers with 2 hybrid composites. Depth of cure (n=15) was measured by scraping according to the guidelines of ISO CD4049:1997 after 40 s irradiation with a curing light (Elipar Highlight, standard mode, Espe).
Vickers hardness (n=12) was determined on the surface and at the bottom of 2 mm thick specimens (diameter: 8 mm) cured as above after 24 h storage in aqua dest. at 37°C. Hardness measurements were made with a Vickers indenter (Durimet, Leitz) with a load of 200 gram for 40 s (HV 0.2/40). Means and standard deviations (SD) are listed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Tukey HSD multiple comparisons were used to identify statistical homogeneous subsets as indicated by superscript letters (a = 0.05). T-test was used to compare hardness values at the surface and 2 mm depth of each material.
| |
HV (surface) |
HV (2mm) |
Curing Depth |
| |
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
| Dyract (D) |
45,1 b |
1,8 |
43,7 c |
1,5 |
3,2 h |
0,2 |
| Dyract AP (DA) |
45,9 b |
0,7 |
43,7 c |
1,1 |
2,7 e,f |
0,2 |
| F2000 Rasant (F) |
83,3 h |
2,6 |
79,3 i |
2,1 |
3,1 g |
0,1 |
| Hytac (H) |
76,5 g |
2,2 |
69,5 g |
2,0 |
2,1 a |
0,1 |
| Compoglass F (C) |
55,8 d |
1,5 |
53,0 d |
0,9 |
2,6 d,e |
0,1 |
| Luxat (L) |
84,0 h |
3,0 |
72,2 h |
3,5 |
2,3 b |
0,1 |
| Glasiosite (G) |
63,4 f |
1,5 |
62,7 f |
1,9 |
3,8 i |
0,2 |
| Dyract Flow (DF) |
29,3 a |
1,1 |
27,9 a,b |
1,2 |
2,8 f |
0,3 |
| Compoglass Flow (CF) |
30,3 a |
0,9 |
29,1 b |
0,8 |
2,5 c |
0,2 |
| PrimaFlow (PF) |
31,2 a |
1,6 |
25,8 a |
1,4 |
2,5 c |
0,2 |
| Tetric Ceram (T) |
52,8 c |
1,5 |
52,5 d |
1,6 |
2,7 e,f |
0,2 |
| Prodigy (P) |
58,4 e |
1,8 |
58,2 e |
1,5 |
2,6 c,d |
0,1 |
Among the tested materials significant differences for the depth of cure as well as the Vickers hardness values (surface and 2 mm depth) could be detected. No significant decrease in hardness between surface and bottom side could be revealed for DA, G, T, and P. The compomers comprise a rather inhomogeneous group. Curing depth showed that bulk curing of compomers in deep cavities is not recommendable.
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