Inflammatory Markers Evoked By Resin Based Dental Materials - An In Vitro Study B. Willershausen (1)*, B. Briseno Marroquin (1), D. Schäfer (2) (1: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Conservative Dentistry; 2: Department of Otorhinololaryngology) The purpose of the study was to investigate the biological compatibility of recently developed resin-based restoration materials (Ariston pHc / Vivadent; Definite / Degussa; Charisma and Solitaire / Heraeus Kulzer; and Dyract AP / Dentsply) in two human cell lines. Gingival fibroblast cell cultures and a line of epithelial tumor cells were incubated with polymerized (2 min) resin based materials (2 mg/well; 30.000 cells) in 7 mm² wells.   Cultured cells with titanium and without material were used as positive and negative controls respectivelly. Cell growth, cell morphology and cell viability (fluorescent staining) were used as parameters to determine the cytotoxicity of the materials tested. The cell proliferation rate was measured after 72 hours of culturing by means of a fluorescent staining technique (Fluoroskan Ascent). For the determination of the release of prostaglandin PGE2 (clone E2R1), as a marker of inflammation, the cells in contact with the materials were incubated for 30 min. The results showed a statistically significanct difference in the release of prostaglandin PGE2 among the resin based materials for the two cell types (p= 0.001). High PGE2 release values were measured with the gingival fibroblasts in contact with Solitaire (1383 pg/well), Charisma (1119 pg/well) and Ariston pHc (940pg/well); Definite showed lower release values (737pg/well) in comparison to the control (791 pg/well). The epithelial tumor cell line was influenced mostly by Charisma (457 pg/well) and Solitaire (412 pg/well) and less by Dyract AP (366 pg/well) and titanium (319 pg/well) in comparison to the control (246 pg/well). These results show that related research may be usefull in clinical decisions concerning patients more prone to inflammation and that human cell lines represent an adequate model when testing the cytotoxic potential of newly developed resin based restoration materials.